Type of Structural and Loads : 11t Jan 2016

Documents can be found at https://sites.google.com/site/kmuttarc272/

- Structure ; A system of connected parts used to support a load

- Design of Structure :
  1. Safety
  2. Aesthetics
  3. Serviceability ; How well it functions
Example of Serviceability
When using truss joints as a floor, there're many advantage of truss floor : Piping can go through of hole so that floor height will not be deducted, and It's light.
However, it vibrates by the lightness, like near a fitness room. As a result, this structure is great for safety as it is strong, but it fail in serviceability once it is applied in this situation.

H-Beam is heavier than truss system
https://www.masters.com.au

Truss Floorhttp://www.john-knapton.com

The solution is to connect chunk of concrete to the structure, in order to increase the load.
  4. Environment
  5. Economy

- Analysis of Structure
  1. Strength ; how much it withstand the load
  2. Rigidity ; how stiff it is (less deflect, more rigidity)

- Idealisation of Structure
  1. Physical Model
      - Members
      - Connections 
       - Supports
      - Loads
      - Free-body Diagram
  2. Mathematical Model
      - Equilibrium Conditions
      - Compatibility Conditions
      - Constitutive Relationship

http://www.slideshare.net/tarungehlot1/determinate-structures

http://www.slideshare.net/tarungehlot1/determinate-structures

http://www.slideshare.net/tarungehlot1/determinate-structures

http://www.slideshare.net/tarungehlot1/determinate-structures

- Truss (โครงถัก) 

Truss Componentshttp://www.structuralhelp.com

Truss Floor
http://www.structuralhelp.com

The webs can be both C and T, Depends.
www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au

http://alfa-img.com/show/truss-bridge-tension-and-compression.html

Normally, we want to increase the depth(or height) of the beam

if the height is increased, I value will be tremendously increased as well.

which will reduce bending Stress Value then the beam can bear more load

- Types of Structures 
   1. Trusses

https://www.emaze.com/@ATRRQRQ/Truss-Bridges

   2. Cables and Arches

Cable Structure
http://kids.britannica.com/comptons/art-18377/A-suspension-bridge-with-forces-of-tension-represented-by-red

Arches structure
http://www.freeimageslive.co.uk/free_stock_image/archedroofp2886jpg

   3. Frame

wikipedia.com

    4. Surface Structure

https://www.architecture.com/Explore/Buildings/EdenProject.aspx

- Usually, Bridges are designed by engineers

Golden Gate Bridge, using Cable structure. This called Ca

- Loads Calculation

https://sites.google.com/site/kmuttarc272/

https://sites.google.com/site/kmuttarc272/

                           

Introduction : 4th Jan 2016

    


Documents can be found at https://sites.google.com/site/kmuttarc272/

Beam - Column System ; Loads will be transferred from Floor -> Beams -> Columns

Beam and Column System

Live Load ; Loads that can be removed and be replaced with something else ex Furniture ; Weight of everything superimposed on, or temporarily attached to, a structure (people, machinery and equipment, furniture, appliances, etc.) but not that of the material utilized in its construction or of anything permanently attached to it.

Read more: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/live-load.html#ixzz3wfMqczmR


Point Load (Concentrated Load) vs Uniform Load

Majority of Dead Loads come from Concrete weight itself

Book about Loads, ASCE - 7 (มยผ.(มาตรฐานของกรมโยธาและผังเมือง)), it contains statistic about wind and earthquake happened in Thailand as well

Bore piles of High-Rise Building go deep down around 60 m.

The maximum height of Medium-Rise Building is 23 m. If more than that, it's called 'High-Rise Building' and Fire Sprinklers are needed. The reason is that 23 m. is that maximum height that water from fire truck can reach in the case of fire. Also, if Sprinkler is needed, Pumping room is needed, Dynamo(Generator) is needed, then Oil(gas) is needed, and maintenance is needed indeed. The cost will rise abruptly that's why you can see Medium-Rise apartment more often.

Fire hose should be placed near the elevator

Fireman's elevator is for fireman(still can be use normally). In case of fire, this elevator will go down and open for fire man to go up.